![]() ![]() This type of production emphasizes high volumes of output with the finished products destined for a supra-regional market (Arnold 1991: 94). Er wird hauptsächlich von medizinischem Fachpersonal verwendet, um Beeinträchtigungen der Gehirnleistungen festzustellen. In ‘nucleated workshop industry’, a ‘clustered industrial complex’ which occurs in urban setting results in pottery manufacture as a major economic activity with extensive technological investment. Der Montreal-Cognitive-Assessment-Test, oder kurz MoCa-Test, ist ein Erkennungsinstrument, mit dem eine beginnende Demenz und andere leichte geistige Einbußen schnell erkannt werden können. These three modes of production are generally attributed to prehistoric societies. ![]() Results: the instruments psychometric indicators correspond to the norms accepted in science, internal consistency coefficient is good ( 0.95), the test-retest correlation between 2 measurements is close and statistically significant (r 0. In ‘individual workshop industry’, production is full-time and involves significant capital investment (in kilns, wheels, etc.), but the unit maintains a level of stylistic and economic autonomy. After 21-30 days apart, test-retest data were collected from a sub-sample of 37 participants (diagnosed and controls). ![]() ‘Household industry’ is also characterized by a simple technology and operates on a part-time level, but production occurs more frequently and is directed towards a larger consumer market (Arnold 1991: 92). It is often stressed that this type of production system is orientated towards self-sufficiency, with little opportunity for intensification (Rice 1987: 184). In this model, manufacturing of ceramics consists of little or no standardization in the selection of raw materials and lack of efficiency and skill in manufacturing process. In ‘household’ production, pottery manufacture is occasional, preparatory to household consumption, and characterized by a simple technology for production. Four modes of production have been defined: household, household industry, individual workshop industry, and nucleated workshop industry. The organization of production is one of the more significant elements in the study of the development of complex societies and several models have been developed to describe it (van der Leeuw 1977 1984 Stark 1985 Rice 1987 Costin 1991 2005 Costin and Hagstrum 1995 Arnold 1991 Underhill 1991 Clark 1995). The importance of this model is that it enables economic relationship to be studied along with political and social relationships, since economic practice is seen to be embedded in, and inseparable from, the socio-political system (Pollock 1999: 23). Brumfiel and Earle (1987: 2) suggested that the evolution of social stratification was based on economic control arising characteristically from dominion over resources. These scholars have attempted to relate craft specialization to the organization of production and the politicaleconomy. Since the 1980s, a number of different theoretical approaches have been proposed to understand the role of craft specialization and technological development in the formation of complex societies (Tosi 1984 Brumfiel and Earle 1987 Earle 1991 Costin 1991 1996 2007 Cobb 1996 Pollock 1999 Loney 2000). ![]()
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